Understanding EV Charger Types and Capacities
As electric vehicles (EVs) become more prevalent, it's crucial to grasp the nuances between the two primary charger types in the UK: Type 1 and Type 2. These chargers differ not only in their physical connectors -Type 1 has a 5-pin whilst Type 2 chargers have a 7-pin design. They also differ in their charging capacities and compatibility.
Understanding kWh (Kilowatt-hour)
Before we dive in it would make sense for you to understand what a kilowatt-hour is. A kWh is a unit of energy commonly used to measure electricity consumption. In simple terms, it represents the amount of energy consumed by an electrical device over one hour. For EV chargers, kWh is used to quantify the amount of energy transferred from the charger to the vehicle's battery during the charging process.
Type 1 Charger
Type 1 chargers, often referred to as J1772 connectors, are prevalent in North America and Japan and are present in some older UK EV models. These chargers utilise a single-phase AC connection and feature a 5-pin plug design. While Type 1 chargers provide adequate charging for many EVs, they tend to have lower power outputs compared to Type 2 chargers.
Type 1 chargers typically charge at a rate of 3.6 kW to 7.4 kW, depending on the specific model and power supply available at the charging location.
Let's consider a 30 kWh EV battery and a Type 1 charger with a charging capacity of 7.4 kW. To charge the EV from 0% to 80%, it would take approximately 4.5 hours. At 80% charge, the EV would have approximately 24 kWh of energy, providing a range of around 120 miles, depending on the vehicle's efficiency and driving conditions.
Type 2 Charger
Type 2 chargers, also known as Mennekes connectors, are the standard in Europe, including the UK. They boast a single or three-phase AC connection and utilise a 7-pin plug design. This design allows Type 2 chargers to offer higher charging capacities than Type 1 chargers, making them more versatile and suitable for a broader range of EV models.
Type 2 chargers usually charge at a rate of 3.7 kW to 22 kW, depending on the specific model and power supply available at the charging location. Some rapid chargers may offer even higher charging capacities, reaching up to 50 kW or more.
Let's consider the same 30 kWh EV battery and a Type 2 charger with a charging capacity of 22 kW. To charge the EV from 0% to 80%, it would take approximately 1.5 hours. At 80% charge, the EV would have approximately 24 kWh of energy, providing a range of around 120 miles, similar to the Type 1 charger scenario.
Why You Should Charge Your EV to 80% Instead of 100%
While it may seem intuitive to charge your electric vehicle (EV) to full capacity every time, we recommend aiming for an 80% charge instead. Charging to 80% helps prolong the lifespan of your EV's battery by reducing stress on its cells and minimising degradation over time. Additionally, charging to 80% allows for more efficient regenerative braking, as there's space in the battery to capture energy during deceleration. By adopting the practice of charging to 80%, EV owners can maximise battery longevity and efficiency while still enjoying ample range for their daily driving needs.
Why You Should Avoid Using Household 3-Pin Plugs for EV Charging
While some EV owners may resort to using standard household 3-pin plugs to charge their vehicles, this practice is not recommended for several reasons. Firstly, it can be unsafe, as household sockets may not be designed to handle the continuous high-power draw required for EV charging, posing a risk of overheating or electrical fires.
Additionally, routing charging cables through windows or doors to reach the vehicle can be impractical and inefficient. This makeshift approach not only creates inconvenience but also increases the likelihood of cable damage and reduces charging efficiency.
Benefits of Having a Dedicated EV Charger
Investing in dedicated EV chargers offers numerous advantages over using household sockets. These chargers are designed for EV charging, ensuring optimal performance, safety, and reliability. Furthermore, EV chargers often feature advanced functionalities such as charging schedules and off-peak charging, allowing users to take advantage of lower electricity tariffs and maximise cost savings.
Optimal Charging Solutions for EV Owners
Understanding the differences between Type 1 and Type 2 EV chargers, as well as the concept of kWh, is essential for selecting the optimal charging solution for your EV. While Type 1 chargers may be ok for certain situations, Type 2 chargers offer greater versatility and faster charging speeds, making them the preferred choice for many EV owners and businesses. By investing in dedicated EV chargers, you can ensure safe, efficient, and cost-effective charging for your EV fleet or personal vehicle.
Ready to Make the Switch to Electric?
If you're ready to embrace the future of transportation and make the switch to electric, contact our team today to learn more about installing the right EV charger for your needs. Let's work together to create a greener, more sustainable future for all.
